Plutonium
94
Pu
Skupina
n/a
Perioda
7
Blok
f
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
94
94
150
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
94
Atomová hmotnost
[244]
Hmotnostní číslo
244
Kategorie
Aktinoidy
Barva
Stříbrná
Radioaktivní
Ano
Named after the planet Pluto
Krystalografická soustava
Monoklinická
Historie
Plutonium was first produced in 1940 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin M. McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy and Arthur Wahl.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
Elektronová konfigurace
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
The atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan in 1945 had a plutonium core
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
19,816 g/cm3
Teplota tání
912,55 K | 639,4 °C | 1182,92 °F
Teplota varu
3501,15 K | 3228 °C | 5842,4 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
n/a
Skupenské teplo varu
325 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
-
Hojnost v zemské kůře
n/a
Hojnost ve vesmíru
n/a
Autorská práva obrázku: Wikimedia Commons (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
A ring of weapons-grade 99.96% pure electrorefined plutonium, enough for one bomb core
Číslo CAS
7440-07-5
PubChem CID číslo
23940
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
159 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
187 pm
Elektronegativita
1,28 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
6,0262 eV
Molární objem
12,32 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,0674 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Aplikace
The isotope plutonium-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons, due to its ease of fission and availability.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium je škodlivé díky své radioaktivitě
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
-Nestabilní izotopy
228Pu, 229Pu, 230Pu, 231Pu, 232Pu, 233Pu, 234Pu, 235Pu, 236Pu, 237Pu, 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu, 243Pu, 244Pu, 245Pu, 246Pu, 247Pu