Fluor
9
F
Skupina
17
Perioda
2
Blok
p
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
9
9
10
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
9
Atomová hmotnost
18,9984032
Hmotnostní číslo
19
Kategorie
Halogeny
Barva
Bezbarvý
Radioaktivní
Ne
Z latinského a francouzkého slova fluere, tok
Krystalografická soustava
Monoklinická prostorově centrovaná
Historie
In 1529, Georigius Agricola described the use of fluorspar as a flux.
In 1670 Heinrich Schwandhard found that glass was etched when exposed to fluorspar treated with acid.
In 1810, French scientist Andre-Marie Ampere proposed that fluoric acid was a compound of hydrogen with a new element.
The element was finally isolated in 1886 by Henri Moissan.
In 1670 Heinrich Schwandhard found that glass was etched when exposed to fluorspar treated with acid.
In 1810, French scientist Andre-Marie Ampere proposed that fluoric acid was a compound of hydrogen with a new element.
The element was finally isolated in 1886 by Henri Moissan.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 7
Elektronová konfigurace
[He] 2s2 2p5
Fluorine reacts violently with water to produce oxygen
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Plyn
Hustota
0,001696 g/cm3
Teplota tání
53,53 K | -219,62 °C | -363,32 °F
Teplota varu
85,03 K | -188,12 °C | -306,62 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
0,26 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
3,27 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,824 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
0,054%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
0,00004%
Autorská práva obrázku: Images-of-elements
Fluorine gas, but only as photomontage, because fluorine reacts even with glass
Číslo CAS
7782-41-4
PubChem CID číslo
24524
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
42 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
64 pm
Elektronegativita
3,98 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
17,4228 eV
Molární objem
17,1 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,000279 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
-1
Aplikace
Compounds of fluorine, including sodium fluoride, are used in toothpaste and in drinking water to prevent dental cavities.
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) now serve as replacements for CFC refrigerants.
Fluorine and its compounds are used in processing nuclear fuel.
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) now serve as replacements for CFC refrigerants.
Fluorine and its compounds are used in processing nuclear fuel.
Fluorine is highly toxic and corrosive
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
19FNestabilní izotopy
14F, 15F, 16F, 17F, 18F, 20F, 21F, 22F, 23F, 24F, 25F, 26F, 27F, 28F, 29F, 30F, 31F