Neon
10
Ne
Skupina
18
Perioda
2
Blok
p
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
10
10
10
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
10
Atomová hmotnost
20,1797
Hmotnostní číslo
20
Kategorie
Vzácné plyny
Barva
Bezbarvý
Radioaktivní
Ne
Z řeckého slova neos, nový
Krystalografická soustava
Krychlová plošně centrovaná
Historie
Neon was discovered in 1898 by the British chemists Sir William Ramsay and Morris W. Travers in London.
It was discovered when Ramsay chilled a sample of air until it became a liquid, then warmed the liquid and captured the gases as they boiled off.
After 1902, Georges Claude's company, Air Liquide, was producing industrial quantities of neon as a byproduct of his air liquefaction business.
It was discovered when Ramsay chilled a sample of air until it became a liquid, then warmed the liquid and captured the gases as they boiled off.
After 1902, Georges Claude's company, Air Liquide, was producing industrial quantities of neon as a byproduct of his air liquefaction business.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8
Elektronová konfigurace
[He] 2s2 2p6
In a vacuum discharge tube, neon glows reddish orange
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Plyn
Hustota
0,0008999 g/cm3
Teplota tání
24,56 K | -248,59 °C | -415,46 °F
Teplota varu
27,07 K | -246,08 °C | -410,94 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
0,34 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
1,75 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
1,03 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
3×10-7%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
0,13%
Číslo CAS
7440-01-9
PubChem CID číslo
23935
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
38 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
58 pm
Elektronegativita
-
Ionizační potenciál
21,5645 eV
Molární objem
16,7 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,000493 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
0
Aplikace
Neon is often used in brightly lit advertising signs.
It is also used in vacuum tubes, high-voltage indicators, lightning arrestors, wave meter tubes, television tubes, and helium-neon lasers.
Liquid neon is used as a cryogenic refrigerant.
It is also used in vacuum tubes, high-voltage indicators, lightning arrestors, wave meter tubes, television tubes, and helium-neon lasers.
Liquid neon is used as a cryogenic refrigerant.
Neon is not known to be toxic
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
20Ne, 21Ne, 22NeNestabilní izotopy
16Ne, 17Ne, 18Ne, 19Ne, 23Ne, 24Ne, 25Ne, 26Ne, 27Ne, 28Ne, 29Ne, 30Ne, 31Ne, 32Ne, 33Ne, 34Ne