Kyslík
8
O
Skupina
16
Perioda
2
Blok
p
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
8
8
8
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
8
Atomová hmotnost
15,9994
Hmotnostní číslo
16
Kategorie
Ostatní nekovy
Barva
Bezbarvý
Radioaktivní
Ne
Z řeckého slova oxys, kyselina, a genes, formování
Krystalografická soustava
Monoklinická prostorově centrovaná
Historie
Carl Wilhelm Scheele obtained oxygen by heating mercuric oxide and nitrates in 1771, but did not publish his findings until 1777.
Joseph Priestley also prepared this new air by 1774.
The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion.
Joseph Priestley also prepared this new air by 1774.
The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 6
Elektronová konfigurace
[He] 2s2 2p4
Green and red colors in the Aurora Borealis are caused by oxygen atoms
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Plyn
Hustota
0,001429 g/cm3
Teplota tání
54,36 K | -218,79 °C | -361,82 °F
Teplota varu
90,2 K | -182,95 °C | -297,31 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
0,222 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
3,41 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,918 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
46%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
1%
Číslo CAS
7782-44-7
PubChem CID číslo
977
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
48 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
66 pm
Elektronegativita
3,44 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
13,6181 eV
Molární objem
14,0 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,0002674 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
-2, -1, 1, 2
Aplikace
Pure oxygen is frequently used to help breathing in patients with respiratory ailments.
Oxygen is used in oxyacetylene welding, as an oxidant for rocket fuel, and in methanol and ethylene oxide production.
It is also used in the production of steel, plastics and textiles.
Plants and animals rely on oxygen for respiration.
Oxygen is used in oxyacetylene welding, as an oxidant for rocket fuel, and in methanol and ethylene oxide production.
It is also used in the production of steel, plastics and textiles.
Plants and animals rely on oxygen for respiration.
Oxygen gas can be toxic at elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
16O, 17O, 18ONestabilní izotopy
12O, 13O, 14O, 15O, 19O, 20O, 21O, 22O, 23O, 24O, 25O, 26O, 27O, 28O