Rtuť
80
Hg
Skupina
12
Perioda
6
Blok
d
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
80
80
121
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
80
Atomová hmotnost
200,59
Hmotnostní číslo
201
Kategorie
Přechodné kovy
Barva
Stříbrná
Radioaktivní
Ne
From the Latin word hydrargyrum meaning liquid silver
Krystalografická soustava
Rhomboedrální
Historie
Mercury was known to the ancient Chinese and Indians and has been found in Egyptian tombs dating back to about 1500 BC.
Alchemists thought of mercury as the First Matter from which all metals were formed.
They believed that different metals could be produced by varying the quality and quantity of sulfur contained within the mercury.
Alchemists thought of mercury as the First Matter from which all metals were formed.
They believed that different metals could be produced by varying the quality and quantity of sulfur contained within the mercury.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2
Elektronová konfigurace
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Kapalina
Hustota
13,5336 g/cm3
Teplota tání
234,32 K | -38,83 °C | -37,89 °F
Teplota varu
630,15 K | 357 °C | 674,6 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
2,29 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
59,2 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,14 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
6,7×10-6%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
1×10-7%
Číslo CAS
7439-97-6
PubChem CID číslo
23931
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
151 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
132 pm
Elektronegativita
2,00 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
10,4375 eV
Molární objem
14,82 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,0834 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
1, 2, 4
Aplikace
Mercury is used in barometers and manometers because of its high density.
Gaseous mercury is used in mercury-vapor lamps and some 'neon sign' type advertising signs and fluorescent lamps.
Mercury is also found in liquid mirror telescopes.
Gaseous mercury is also found in some electron tubes, including ignitrons, thyratrons, and mercury arc rectifiers.
Gaseous mercury is used in mercury-vapor lamps and some 'neon sign' type advertising signs and fluorescent lamps.
Mercury is also found in liquid mirror telescopes.
Gaseous mercury is also found in some electron tubes, including ignitrons, thyratrons, and mercury arc rectifiers.
Rtuť a většina jejích sloučenin jsou vysoce toxické
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
196Hg, 198Hg, 199Hg, 200Hg, 201Hg, 202Hg, 204HgNestabilní izotopy
171Hg, 172Hg, 173Hg, 174Hg, 175Hg, 176Hg, 177Hg, 178Hg, 179Hg, 180Hg, 181Hg, 182Hg, 183Hg, 184Hg, 185Hg, 186Hg, 187Hg, 188Hg, 189Hg, 190Hg, 191Hg, 192Hg, 193Hg, 194Hg, 195Hg, 197Hg, 203Hg, 205Hg, 206Hg, 207Hg, 208Hg, 209Hg, 210Hg