Erbium
68
Er
Skupina
n/a
Perioda
6
Blok
f
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
68
68
99
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
68
Atomová hmotnost
167,259
Hmotnostní číslo
167
Kategorie
Lanthanoidy
Barva
Stříbrná
Radioaktivní
Ne
Erbium was named after Ytterby, a town in Sweden
Krystalografická soustava
Hexagonální
Historie
Erbium was discovered in 1843 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander, who detected it as an impurity in yttria.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that contained the pink color was erbium.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that contained the pink color was erbium.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2
Elektronová konfigurace
[Xe] 4f12 6s2
The highest concentration of erbium in humans is in the bones
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
9,066 g/cm3
Teplota tání
1802,15 K | 1529 °C | 2784,2 °F
Teplota varu
3141,15 K | 2868 °C | 5194,4 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
19,9 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
285 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,168 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
0,0003%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
2×10-7%
Číslo CAS
7440-52-0
PubChem CID číslo
23980
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
176 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
189 pm
Elektronegativita
1,24 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
6,1077 eV
Molární objem
18,4 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,143 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
3
Aplikace
Erbium is used in photographic filters to absorb infrared light.
Erbium oxide gives a pink color and has been used as a colorant in glasses and porcelain enamel glazes.
It is also used in nuclear technology in neutron-absorbing control rods.
Erbium is used in alloys especially with vanadium to decrease the hardness of metals.
Erbium oxide gives a pink color and has been used as a colorant in glasses and porcelain enamel glazes.
It is also used in nuclear technology in neutron-absorbing control rods.
Erbium is used in alloys especially with vanadium to decrease the hardness of metals.
Erbium is considered to be moderately toxic
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
162Er, 164Er, 166Er, 167Er, 168Er, 170ErNestabilní izotopy
143Er, 144Er, 145Er, 146Er, 147Er, 148Er, 149Er, 150Er, 151Er, 152Er, 153Er, 154Er, 155Er, 156Er, 157Er, 158Er, 159Er, 160Er, 161Er, 163Er, 165Er, 169Er, 171Er, 172Er, 173Er, 174Er, 175Er, 176Er, 177Er