Cesium
55
Cs
Skupina
1
Perioda
6
Blok
s
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
55
55
78
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
55
Atomová hmotnost
132,9054519
Hmotnostní číslo
133
Kategorie
Alkalické kovy
Barva
Stříbrná
Radioaktivní
Ano
From the Latin word caesius, sky blue
Krystalografická soustava
Kubická prostorově centrovaná
Historie
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff were the first to suggest finding cesium in 1860 by spectrum analysis.
They discovered cesium by its two blue emission lines in a sample of Dürkheim mineral water.
The pure metal was eventually isolated by the German chemist Carl Setterberg while working on his doctorate with Kekulé and Bunsen.
They discovered cesium by its two blue emission lines in a sample of Dürkheim mineral water.
The pure metal was eventually isolated by the German chemist Carl Setterberg while working on his doctorate with Kekulé and Bunsen.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 1
Elektronová konfigurace
[Xe] 6s1
Cesium was the first element discovered using a spectroscope
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
1,873 g/cm3
Teplota tání
301,59 K | 28,44 °C | 83,19 °F
Teplota varu
944,15 K | 671 °C | 1239,8 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
2,09 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
65 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,242 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
0,00019%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
8×10-8%
Číslo CAS
7440-46-2
PubChem CID číslo
5354618
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
265 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
244 pm
Elektronegativita
0,79 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
3,8939 eV
Molární objem
71,07 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,359 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
-1, 1
Aplikace
The radioactive isotope cesium-137 has a half-life of about 30 years and is used in medical applications, industrial gauges, and hydrology.
Cesium is also used in photoelectric cells and as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of organic compounds.
Cesium vapor thermionic generators are low-power devices that convert heat energy to electrical energy.
Cesium is also used in photoelectric cells and as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of organic compounds.
Cesium vapor thermionic generators are low-power devices that convert heat energy to electrical energy.
Sloučeniny Cesia jsou považovány za lehce toxické
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
133CsNestabilní izotopy
112Cs, 113Cs, 114Cs, 115Cs, 116Cs, 117Cs, 118Cs, 119Cs, 120Cs, 121Cs, 122Cs, 123Cs, 124Cs, 125Cs, 126Cs, 127Cs, 128Cs, 129Cs, 130Cs, 131Cs, 132Cs, 134Cs, 135Cs, 136Cs, 137Cs, 138Cs, 139Cs, 140Cs, 141Cs, 142Cs, 143Cs, 144Cs, 145Cs, 146Cs, 147Cs, 148Cs, 149Cs, 150Cs, 151Cs