Indium
49
In
Skupina
13
Perioda
5
Blok
p
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
49
49
66
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
49
Atomová hmotnost
114,818
Hmotnostní číslo
115
Kategorie
Nepřechodné kovy
Barva
Stříbrná
Radioaktivní
Ne
From the brilliant indigo line in its spectrum
Krystalografická soustava
Tetragonální
Historie
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter first identified indium in sphalerite by its bright indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 18, 18, 3
Elektronová konfigurace
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
When it is bent, indium emits a high-pitched 'cry'
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
7,31 g/cm3
Teplota tání
429,75 K | 156,6 °C | 313,88 °F
Teplota varu
2345,15 K | 2072 °C | 3761,6 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
3,26 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
230 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,233 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
0,000016%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
3×10-8%
Číslo CAS
7440-74-6
PubChem CID číslo
5359967
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
167 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
142 pm
Elektronegativita
1,78 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
5,7864 eV
Molární objem
15,7 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,816 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
1, 2, 3
Aplikace
Indium's current primary application is to form transparent electrodes from indium tin oxide in liquid crystal displays and touchscreens.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
Indium je považováno za málo toxické
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
113InNestabilní izotopy
97In, 98In, 99In, 100In, 101In, 102In, 103In, 104In, 105In, 106In, 107In, 108In, 109In, 110In, 111In, 112In, 114In, 115In, 116In, 117In, 118In, 119In, 120In, 121In, 122In, 123In, 124In, 125In, 126In, 127In, 128In, 129In, 130In, 131In, 132In, 133In, 134In, 135In