Rubidium
37
Rb
Skupina
1
Perioda
5
Blok
s
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
37
37
48
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
37
Atomová hmotnost
85,4678
Hmotnostní číslo
85
Kategorie
Alkalické kovy
Barva
Stříbrná
Radioaktivní
Ne
From the Latin word rubidus, deepest red
Krystalografická soustava
Kubická prostorově centrovaná
Historie
German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Elektronová konfigurace
[Kr] 5s1
Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame color
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
1,532 g/cm3
Teplota tání
312,46 K | 39,31 °C | 102,76 °F
Teplota varu
961,15 K | 688 °C | 1270,4 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
2,19 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
72 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,363 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
0,006%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
1×10-6%
Číslo CAS
7440-17-7
PubChem CID číslo
5357696
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
248 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
220 pm
Elektronegativita
0,82 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
4,1771 eV
Molární objem
55,9 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,582 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
-1, 1
Aplikace
Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium je známo jako netoxické
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
85RbNestabilní izotopy
71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb