Železo
26
Fe
Skupina
8
Perioda
4
Blok
d
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
26
26
30
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
26
Atomová hmotnost
55,845
Hmotnostní číslo
56
Kategorie
Přechodné kovy
Barva
Šedá
Radioaktivní
Ne
Z latinského slova ferrum
Krystalografická soustava
Kubická prostorově centrovaná
Historie
The first iron used by humans is likely to have come from meteorites.
The oldest known iron objects used by humans are some beads of meteoric iron, made in Egypt in about 4000 BC.
The discovery of smelting around 3000 BC led to the start of the iron age around 1200 BC and the prominent use of iron for tools and weapons.
The oldest known iron objects used by humans are some beads of meteoric iron, made in Egypt in about 4000 BC.
The discovery of smelting around 3000 BC led to the start of the iron age around 1200 BC and the prominent use of iron for tools and weapons.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 14, 2
Elektronová konfigurace
[Ar] 3d6 4s2
The color of blood is due to the hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
7,874 g/cm3
Teplota tání
1811,15 K | 1538 °C | 2800,4 °F
Teplota varu
3134,15 K | 2861 °C | 5181,8 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
13,8 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
347 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,449 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
6,3%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
0,11%
Autorská práva obrázku: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Pure iron chips, electrolytically refined, as well as a high purity iron cube for comparison
Číslo CAS
7439-89-6
PubChem CID číslo
23925
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
126 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
132 pm
Elektronegativita
1,83 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
7,9024 eV
Molární objem
7,1 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,802 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Aplikace
Iron is used to manufacture steel and other alloys important in construction and manufacturing.
Iron is a vital constituent of plant and animal life and works as an oxygen carrier in hemoglobin.
Iron oxide mixed with aluminum powder can be ignited to create a thermite reaction, used in welding and purifying ores.
Iron is a vital constituent of plant and animal life and works as an oxygen carrier in hemoglobin.
Iron oxide mixed with aluminum powder can be ignited to create a thermite reaction, used in welding and purifying ores.
Iron is considered to be non-toxic
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
54Fe, 56Fe, 57Fe, 58FeNestabilní izotopy
45Fe, 46Fe, 47Fe, 48Fe, 49Fe, 50Fe, 51Fe, 52Fe, 53Fe, 55Fe, 59Fe, 60Fe, 61Fe, 62Fe, 63Fe, 64Fe, 65Fe, 66Fe, 67Fe, 68Fe, 69Fe, 70Fe, 71Fe, 72Fe