Draslík
19
K
Skupina
1
Perioda
4
Blok
s
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
19
19
20
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
19
Atomová hmotnost
39,0983
Hmotnostní číslo
39
Kategorie
Alkalické kovy
Barva
Stříbrná
Radioaktivní
Ne
Označuje se ve Starém Zákoně; neter vhodný jako prostředek praní
Krystalografická soustava
Kubická prostorově centrovaná
Historie
Potassium's symbol K comes from 'kalium' the name of the element in Germany and Scandinavia.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 8, 1
Elektronová konfigurace
[Ar] 4s1
People whose diets are low in potassium can suffer from hypokalemia
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
0,862 g/cm3
Teplota tání
336,53 K | 63,38 °C | 146,08 °F
Teplota varu
1032,15 K | 759 °C | 1398,2 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
2,33 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
76,9 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,757 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
1,5%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
0,0003%
Číslo CAS
7440-09-7
PubChem CID číslo
5462222
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
227 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
203 pm
Elektronegativita
0,82 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
4,3407 eV
Molární objem
45,46 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
1,024 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
-1, 1
Aplikace
The greatest demand for potash has been in its use for fertilizers.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium must be handled with great care with full skin and eye protection
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
39K, 41KNestabilní izotopy
32K, 33K, 34K, 35K, 36K, 37K, 38K, 40K, 42K, 43K, 44K, 45K, 46K, 47K, 48K, 49K, 50K, 51K, 52K, 53K, 54K, 55K