Chlor
17
Cl
Skupina
17
Perioda
3
Blok
p
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
17
17
18
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
17
Atomová hmotnost
35,453
Hmotnostní číslo
35
Kategorie
Halogeny
Barva
Žlutá
Radioaktivní
Ne
Z řeckého slova chloro, zeleně-žlutá
Krystalografická soustava
Orthorhombická prostorově centrovaná
Historie
Around 1630, chlorine was recognized as a gas by the Belgian chemist and physician Jan Baptist van Helmont.
Elemental chlorine was first prepared and studied in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
By 1810, the scientific consensus was that chlorine was actually a compound that contained oxygen.
In 1811, Sir Humphry Davy concluded the new gas was in fact a new element.
Elemental chlorine was first prepared and studied in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
By 1810, the scientific consensus was that chlorine was actually a compound that contained oxygen.
In 1811, Sir Humphry Davy concluded the new gas was in fact a new element.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 7
Elektronová konfigurace
[Ne] 3s2 3p5
Tree frogs have a chlorine compound in their skin that is a very powerful pain killer
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Plyn
Hustota
0,003214 g/cm3
Teplota tání
171,65 K | -101,5 °C | -150,7 °F
Teplota varu
239,11 K | -34,04 °C | -29,27 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
3,2 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
10,2 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,479 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
0,017%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
0,0001%
Číslo CAS
7782-50-5
PubChem CID číslo
24526
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
79 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
102 pm
Elektronegativita
3,16 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
12,9676 eV
Molární objem
22,7 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,000089 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Aplikace
Chlorine is used for producing safe drinking water.
It is also extensively used in the production of paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, food, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products.
Chlorinated compounds are used mostly for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing.
It is also extensively used in the production of paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, food, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products.
Chlorinated compounds are used mostly for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing.
Elemental chlorine at high concentrations is extremely dangerous and poisonous
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
35Cl, 37ClNestabilní izotopy
28Cl, 29Cl, 30Cl, 31Cl, 32Cl, 33Cl, 34Cl, 36Cl, 38Cl, 39Cl, 40Cl, 41Cl, 42Cl, 43Cl, 44Cl, 45Cl, 46Cl, 47Cl, 48Cl, 49Cl, 50Cl, 51Cl