Sodík
11
Na
Skupina
1
Perioda
3
Blok
s
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
11
11
12
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
11
Atomová hmotnost
22,98976928
Hmotnostní číslo
23
Kategorie
Alkalické kovy
Barva
Stříbrná
Radioaktivní
Ne
Z anglického slova soda; Z středověké latiny sodanum, léčba bolesti hlavy
Krystalografická soustava
Kubická prostorově centrovaná
Historie
The chemical abbreviation for sodium was first published by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in his system of atomic symbols.
It is a contraction of the element's new Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt primarily made of hydrated sodium carbonate.
In 1807, Sir Humphry Davy isolated sodium for the first time by electrolysis of dried sodium hydroxide, which had been very slightly moistened.
It is a contraction of the element's new Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt primarily made of hydrated sodium carbonate.
In 1807, Sir Humphry Davy isolated sodium for the first time by electrolysis of dried sodium hydroxide, which had been very slightly moistened.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 1
Elektronová konfigurace
[Ne] 3s1
Sodium burns in air with a brilliant yellow flame
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
0,971 g/cm3
Teplota tání
370,87 K | 97,72 °C | 207,9 °F
Teplota varu
1156,15 K | 883 °C | 1621,4 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
2,6 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
97,7 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
1,228 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
2,3%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
0,002%
Číslo CAS
7440-23-5
PubChem CID číslo
5360545
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
186 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
166 pm
Elektronegativita
0,93 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
5,1391 eV
Molární objem
23,7 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
1,41 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
-1, 1
Aplikace
Metallic sodium is vital in the manufacture of esters and in the preparation of organic compounds.
Sodium vapor lamps are often used for street lighting in cities.
Liquid sodium is used as a heat transfer fluid in some fast reactors.
Sodium is also used as an alloying metal, an anti-scaling agent, and as a reducing agent for metals when other materials are ineffective.
Sodium vapor lamps are often used for street lighting in cities.
Liquid sodium is used as a heat transfer fluid in some fast reactors.
Sodium is also used as an alloying metal, an anti-scaling agent, and as a reducing agent for metals when other materials are ineffective.
Sodium metal should be handled with great care as it cannot be maintained in an inert atmosphere
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
23NaNestabilní izotopy
18Na, 19Na, 20Na, 21Na, 22Na, 24Na, 25Na, 26Na, 27Na, 28Na, 29Na, 30Na, 31Na, 32Na, 33Na, 34Na, 35Na, 36Na, 37Na