Kalifornium
98
Cf
Skupina
n/a
Perioda
7
Blok
f
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
98
98
153
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
98
Atomová hmotnost
[251]
Hmotnostní číslo
251
Kategorie
Aktinoidy
Barva
n/a
Radioaktivní
Ano
Named after California and the University of California
Krystalografická soustava
Hexagonální
Historie
Californium was discovered by Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso and Glenn T. Seaborg in 1950 at the University of California, Berkeley.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2
Elektronová konfigurace
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
Californium is produced in nuclear reactors and particle accelerators
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
15,1 g/cm3
Teplota tání
1173,15 K | 900 °C | 1652 °F
Teplota varu
-
Skupenské teplo tání
n/a
Skupenské teplo varu
n/a
Měrná tepelná kapacita
-
Hojnost v zemské kůře
n/a
Hojnost ve vesmíru
n/a
Číslo CAS
7440-71-3
PubChem CID číslo
n/a
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
-
Kovalentní poloměr
-
Elektronegativita
1,3 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
6,2817 eV
Molární objem
18,4 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,1 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
2, 3, 4
Aplikace
Californium is used as a portable neutron source for discovery of metals such as gold or silver by on-the-spot activation analysis.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Kalifornium je škodlivé díky své radioaktivitě
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
-Nestabilní izotopy
237Cf, 238Cf, 239Cf, 240Cf, 241Cf, 242Cf, 243Cf, 244Cf, 245Cf, 246Cf, 247Cf, 248Cf, 249Cf, 250Cf, 251Cf, 252Cf, 253Cf, 254Cf, 255Cf, 256Cf