Platina
78
Pt
Skupina
10
Perioda
6
Blok
d
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
78
78
117
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
78
Atomová hmotnost
195,084
Hmotnostní číslo
195
Kategorie
Přechodné kovy
Barva
Šedá
Radioaktivní
Ne
From the Spanish word platina, meaning silver
Krystalografická soustava
Krychlová plošně centrovaná
Historie
Platinum was first used by pre-Columbian South American natives to produce artifacts.
Antonio de Ulloa published his findings about platinum in 1748, but Sir Charles Wood also investigated the metal in 1741.
First reference to it as a new metal was made by William Brownrigg in 1750.
Antonio de Ulloa published his findings about platinum in 1748, but Sir Charles Wood also investigated the metal in 1741.
First reference to it as a new metal was made by William Brownrigg in 1750.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
Elektronová konfigurace
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Platinum exists in higher abundances on the Moon and in meteorites
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
21,45 g/cm3
Teplota tání
2041,45 K | 1768,3 °C | 3214,94 °F
Teplota varu
4098,15 K | 3825 °C | 6917 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
20 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
490 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,133 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
3,7×10-6%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
5×10-7%
Číslo CAS
7440-06-4
PubChem CID číslo
23939
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
139 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
136 pm
Elektronegativita
2,28 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
8,9587 eV
Molární objem
9,10 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,716 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
2, 4, 5, 6
Aplikace
The most common use of platinum is as a catalyst in chemical reactions.
Platinum is used in jewelry, decoration and dental work.
Platinum-cobalt, an alloy of roughly three parts platinum and one part cobalt, is used to make relatively strong permanent magnets.
Platinum-based anodes are used in ships, pipelines, and steel piers.
Platinum is used in jewelry, decoration and dental work.
Platinum-cobalt, an alloy of roughly three parts platinum and one part cobalt, is used to make relatively strong permanent magnets.
Platinum-based anodes are used in ships, pipelines, and steel piers.
Platinum is considered to be non-toxic
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
192Pt, 194Pt, 195Pt, 196Pt, 198PtNestabilní izotopy
166Pt, 167Pt, 168Pt, 169Pt, 170Pt, 171Pt, 172Pt, 173Pt, 174Pt, 175Pt, 176Pt, 177Pt, 178Pt, 179Pt, 180Pt, 181Pt, 182Pt, 183Pt, 184Pt, 185Pt, 186Pt, 187Pt, 188Pt, 189Pt, 190Pt, 191Pt, 193Pt, 197Pt, 199Pt, 200Pt, 201Pt, 202Pt