Terbium
65
Tb
Skupina
n/a
Perioda
6
Blok
f
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
65
65
94
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
65
Atomová hmotnost
158,92535
Hmotnostní číslo
159
Kategorie
Lanthanoidy
Barva
Stříbrná
Radioaktivní
Ne
Terbium was named after Ytterby, a town in Sweden
Krystalografická soustava
Hexagonální
Historie
Terbium was discovered in 1843 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander, who detected it as an impurity in yttria.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
Elektronová konfigurace
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Terbium is soft enough to be cut with a knife
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
8,229 g/cm3
Teplota tání
1629,15 K | 1356 °C | 2472,8 °F
Teplota varu
3503,15 K | 3230 °C | 5846 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
10,8 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
295 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,182 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
0,000093%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
5×10-8%
Číslo CAS
7440-27-9
PubChem CID číslo
23958
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
177 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
194 pm
Elektronegativita
1,2 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
5,8638 eV
Molární objem
19,20 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,111 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
1, 3, 4
Aplikace
Terbium is used in alloys and in the production of electronic devices.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
Terbium is considered to be moderately toxic
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
159TbNestabilní izotopy
136Tb, 137Tb, 138Tb, 139Tb, 140Tb, 141Tb, 142Tb, 143Tb, 144Tb, 145Tb, 146Tb, 147Tb, 148Tb, 149Tb, 150Tb, 151Tb, 152Tb, 153Tb, 154Tb, 155Tb, 156Tb, 157Tb, 158Tb, 160Tb, 161Tb, 162Tb, 163Tb, 164Tb, 165Tb, 166Tb, 167Tb, 168Tb, 169Tb, 170Tb, 171Tb