Brom
35
Br
Skupina
17
Perioda
4
Blok
p
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
35
35
45
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
35
Atomová hmotnost
79,904
Hmotnostní číslo
80
Kategorie
Halogeny
Barva
Červená
Radioaktivní
Ne
From the Greek word bromos, stench
Krystalografická soustava
Orthorhombická prostorově centrovaná
Historie
Carl Jacob Löwig discovered bromine in 1825, while still a chemistry student at Heidelberg University, Germany.
Antoine Balard distilled the bromine from a solution of seaweed ash saturated with chlorine in 1824.
He finally published his results in 1826, providing evidence that the substance he had discovered was a new element.
Antoine Balard distilled the bromine from a solution of seaweed ash saturated with chlorine in 1824.
He finally published his results in 1826, providing evidence that the substance he had discovered was a new element.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 18, 7
Elektronová konfigurace
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
Bromine is the only nonmetallic element that is liquid at ordinary temperatures
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Kapalina
Hustota
3,122 g/cm3
Teplota tání
265,95 K | -7,2 °C | 19,04 °F
Teplota varu
331,95 K | 58,8 °C | 137,84 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
5,8 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
14,8 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,474 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
0,0003%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
7×10-7%
Číslo CAS
7726-95-6
PubChem CID číslo
24408
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
120 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
120 pm
Elektronegativita
2,96 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
11,8138 eV
Molární objem
23,5 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,00122 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
-1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7
Aplikace
Bromine is used in making fumigants, flameproofing agents, water purification compounds, dyes, medicines and sanitizers.
Potassium bromide is used as a source of bromide ions for the manufacture of silver bromide for photographic film.
Bromine is also used to reduce mercury pollution from coal-fired power plants.
Potassium bromide is used as a source of bromide ions for the manufacture of silver bromide for photographic film.
Bromine is also used to reduce mercury pollution from coal-fired power plants.
Brom je jedovatý a způsobuje popáleniny
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
79Br, 81BrNestabilní izotopy
67Br, 68Br, 69Br, 70Br, 71Br, 72Br, 73Br, 74Br, 75Br, 76Br, 77Br, 78Br, 80Br, 82Br, 83Br, 84Br, 85Br, 86Br, 87Br, 88Br, 89Br, 90Br, 91Br, 92Br, 93Br, 94Br, 95Br, 96Br, 97Br