Tantal
73
Ta
Skupina
5
Perioda
6
Blok
d
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
73
73
108
Hlavní vlastnosti
Atomové číslo
73
Atomová hmotnost
180,94788
Hmotnostní číslo
181
Kategorie
Přechodné kovy
Barva
Šedá
Radioaktivní
Ne
Named after Tantalos, a Greek mythological character, father of Niobe
Krystalografická soustava
Kubická prostorově centrovaná
Historie
Tantalum was discovered in Sweden in 1802 by Anders Ekeberg in the minerals tantalite from Finland and yttrotantalite from Sweden.
Unfortunately, William Hyde Wollaston claimed Ekeberg's new element was actually niobium, which had also been discovered in 1802.
In 1846, German chemist Heinrich Rose finally proved beyond doubt that tantalum and niobium were different elements.
Unfortunately, William Hyde Wollaston claimed Ekeberg's new element was actually niobium, which had also been discovered in 1802.
In 1846, German chemist Heinrich Rose finally proved beyond doubt that tantalum and niobium were different elements.
Elektronů v obalu
2, 8, 18, 32, 11, 2
Elektronová konfigurace
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2
Tantalum occurs principally in the mineral columbite-tantalite
Fyzické vlastnosti
Skupenství
Pevná
Hustota
16,654 g/cm3
Teplota tání
3290,15 K | 3017 °C | 5462,6 °F
Teplota varu
5731,15 K | 5458 °C | 9856,4 °F
Skupenské teplo tání
36 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
735 kJ/mol
Měrná tepelná kapacita
0,14 J/g·K
Hojnost v zemské kůře
0,00017%
Hojnost ve vesmíru
8×10-9%
Číslo CAS
7440-25-7
PubChem CID číslo
23956
Atomové vlastnosti
Atomový poloměr
146 pm
Kovalentní poloměr
170 pm
Elektronegativita
1,5 (Paulingova stupnice)
Ionizační potenciál
7,5496 eV
Molární objem
10,90 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivost
0,575 W/cm·K
Oxidační čísla
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Aplikace
Tantalum is used in the electronics industry for capacitors and high power resistors.
The high melting point and oxidation resistance lead to the use of the metal in the production of vacuum furnace parts.
Tantalum oxide is used to make special glass with high index of refraction for camera lenses.
The high melting point and oxidation resistance lead to the use of the metal in the production of vacuum furnace parts.
Tantalum oxide is used to make special glass with high index of refraction for camera lenses.
Tantalum is considered to be non-toxic
Izotopy
Stabilní izotopy
181TaNestabilní izotopy
155Ta, 156Ta, 157Ta, 158Ta, 159Ta, 160Ta, 161Ta, 162Ta, 163Ta, 164Ta, 165Ta, 166Ta, 167Ta, 168Ta, 169Ta, 170Ta, 171Ta, 172Ta, 173Ta, 174Ta, 175Ta, 176Ta, 177Ta, 178Ta, 179Ta, 180Ta, 182Ta, 183Ta, 184Ta, 185Ta, 186Ta, 187Ta, 188Ta, 189Ta, 190Ta